tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-249622372024-03-14T07:54:31.580+10:00Adventure Ausrama BlogInteresting articles, stories, news. Views on happenings. Current activities, ideas and events. International and Antipodean affairs - scientific, cultural, political, economic, sociological, anthropological, archaeological and historical environment.🤠By TyBuchananty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comBlogger2181125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-80866385136745853592023-07-25T19:32:00.000+10:002023-07-25T19:32:09.147+10:00<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg5SzvUr5OWQkqQCp8pFvCrppB484rgASMvdM7t6OKhSfpv3O9G_I1aRFAkjTcrYjHUEPiaksPCP-zAbdUDp36YbsQQqdPm0hG_fXukgH4aG7M4cj8Pfz2n_4PDUYs4mg0i-rHgPreYBg8LzBngWAhlNae07G6RW3uk8M8O1vKoNCa78gfgpQUvnw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="664" data-original-width="1000" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg5SzvUr5OWQkqQCp8pFvCrppB484rgASMvdM7t6OKhSfpv3O9G_I1aRFAkjTcrYjHUEPiaksPCP-zAbdUDp36YbsQQqdPm0hG_fXukgH4aG7M4cj8Pfz2n_4PDUYs4mg0i-rHgPreYBg8LzBngWAhlNae07G6RW3uk8M8O1vKoNCa78gfgpQUvnw" width="320" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;">Home-made saucer that flies down the road.</div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.tysaustralia.com/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="" data-original-height="84" data-original-width="279" height="96" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg874gk-YtAGbcaImMuKl0jtBJaEMrokJqOziOFj1yMyzExa13drFxe_bciQk1ZODlfV_VOrEhUW9yy6gcAKVJ3RtmEgWlyGzkY7QGZpy0o56dbVdgjMpDPTCG49n5eC3zWUxH3ggkfuXz0_RVKW6_5vNt8zAAzf_0Yff5D2aLR7E3-EV0p6leX5A" width="320" /></a></div><br /><br /></div><p></p>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-89545796684629807702022-10-21T15:31:00.004+10:002022-10-21T15:46:34.351+10:00Study of Tooth Enamel Indicates Neanderthal Diet Was Carnivorous<p style="text-align: justify;"> A new study on Neanderthal dietary practices has just been published in the journal PNAS by researchers from the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and several German scientific institutions. They were able to determine that a Neanderthal who lived in a cave on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Paleolithic period (50,000 years ago) ate exclusively carnivorous food using a newly developed method for studying the chemical signatures of ancient tooth enamel.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This isn't the first study to find this, either. Despite this, it is a one-of-a-kind and significant discovery because it was made through the development of a novel analytical method that could be used to learn more about the diet and way of life of Neanderthals who lived in other parts of Eurasia in the distant past.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.ancient-origins.net/sites/default/files/styles/teaser/public/field/image/Neanderthal-diet_0.jpg?itok=xc_u16fL" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="180" data-original-width="300" height="240" src="https://www.ancient-origins.net/sites/default/files/styles/teaser/public/field/image/Neanderthal-diet_0.jpg?itok=xc_u16fL" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div></div><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">To investigate the diet and eating habits of Neanderthals, numerous research projects have been initiated. However, they have resulted in contradictory outcomes. The CNRS researchers wrote in their PNAS paper, "The diet of Neanderthals is a topic of ongoing debate, especially since their disappearance has been frequently attributed to their subsistence strategy."The degree to which their diets varied over time and space is debatable.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The conventional testing of nitrogen isotope ratios has generally supported the notion that the Neanderthal diet was exclusively carnivorous, as the CNRS researchers acknowledge. However, a few studies have demonstrated convincing evidence that some Neanderthals were omnivorous.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For instance, a 2014 Science study that looked at fossilized Neanderthal excrement found at the El Salt site in Alicante, southern Spain, was published. The compounds in this 50,000-year-old feces were related to cholesterol and only came from plant-based foods.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Source: <a href="https://www.ancient-origins.net/">Ancient Origins</a> </p>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-30762785481604144302022-10-20T23:04:00.001+10:002022-10-20T23:09:00.812+10:00Natural History Museum Human Evolution Gallery<p style="text-align: justify;"> The Human Evolution gallery at Natural History explores the origins of Homo sapiens by tracing our lineage back to when it separated from that of our closest living relatives, the bonobos and chimpanzees.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Around 200,000 years ago, Africa was where modern humans developed. They have smaller faces and brow ridges, a chin that is more prominent than that of other ancient humans, and a brain case that is higher and more rounded.</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEghtTzNj4pzqukI0pCmijJGVuU80aoN6-YAiEY4_g6j9jEUGhuBfs_RSr7WHnJGsZNQGzBMdIXYgmPM2USFWGZxDy4zoqF_TDSkG5Fd-cJyO969Gu6W17F3fM62jO0Hmdf6z2-g_cLbS6zJ6GivcUaNbpD_V3O3Ud_NTHfG1HyYxsHsd0AuxOQ" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="389" data-original-width="753" height="206" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEghtTzNj4pzqukI0pCmijJGVuU80aoN6-YAiEY4_g6j9jEUGhuBfs_RSr7WHnJGsZNQGzBMdIXYgmPM2USFWGZxDy4zoqF_TDSkG5Fd-cJyO969Gu6W17F3fM62jO0Hmdf6z2-g_cLbS6zJ6GivcUaNbpD_V3O3Ud_NTHfG1HyYxsHsd0AuxOQ=w400-h206" width="400" /></a></div><p></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Modern human fossils from Israel (around 100,000 years old), Africa (around 195,000 years old), and Australia (around 12,000 years old) are among the casts on display.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">These fossils demonstrate that typical characteristics of modern humans evolved over time rather than emerging fully formed from Africa. They also suggest that at least two waves of people leaving Africa may have occurred, one about 100,000 years ago and the other about 60,000 years ago.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We are all descendants of those who left during that second migration wave outside of Africa.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Source: Natural History museum</p>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-65667835709056984402022-10-20T17:11:00.005+10:002022-10-20T23:18:56.287+10:00 Neanderthal Family And Community<p style="text-align: justify;"> According to a new study, the first farmers from Central Europe used milk around 7,400 years ago in the early Neolithic era. This helped humans learn how to eat milk and laid the groundwork for the dairy industry.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">A ground-breaking method was used in the international study, which was led by the University of Bristol and was published today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). It was used to date dairy fat traces that were preserved in the walls of pottery vessels that were made in the 54th century BC. Because it targets fatty acids from animal fat residues, this method is especially useful for determining when new foodstuffs were introduced in prehistoric times.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj62BD5nHXMi0C97uvbCS8ZIS-wrAzFxWuIPZp1wfSGH7XjYCwvPMNEdj8pVi3ol71xALPztPd4XS-ZXJB-j-fNGfk_AB1_bPzjyinsU-xUz_zz8zG7pYcQc9GR_vbyYE30gRUew4JvzhLmMsXMxHc24CMn5HbymA6dEd4untN7gdKcyMEKJhY" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="700" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj62BD5nHXMi0C97uvbCS8ZIS-wrAzFxWuIPZp1wfSGH7XjYCwvPMNEdj8pVi3ol71xALPztPd4XS-ZXJB-j-fNGfk_AB1_bPzjyinsU-xUz_zz8zG7pYcQc9GR_vbyYE30gRUew4JvzhLmMsXMxHc24CMn5HbymA6dEd4untN7gdKcyMEKJhY=w400-h258" width="400" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Dr. Emmanuelle Casanova, the lead author, said, "It is amazing to be able to accurately date the very beginning of milk exploitation by humans in prehistoric times." She conducted the research while completing her Ph.D. in archaeological chemistry at the University of Bristol. By introducing new food commodities like milk and milk products, agropastoralism changed the diet of prehistoric humans and continues to this day."</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Linearbandkeramik (LBK) culture was the earliest Neolithic farming group in Central Europe. They came from Europe's south, east, and west. This study's findings revealed that some of the region's earliest settlers made extensive use of milk.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This work was part of the NeoMilk project funded by the European Research Council (ERC) and directed by Professor Richard Evershed FRS of the University of Bristol's School of Chemistry. His team looked for food residues in over 4,300 pottery vessels from 70 LBK settlements.The results showed that the use of milk varied a lot from place to place in the region. Only 65 percent of the sites had evidence of dairy fats in ceramic vessels, which suggests that these early farmers did use milk, but not always.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The researchers created approximately thirty new radiocarbon dates by concentrating on the ceramics and sites that contained dairy residues in order to trace the beginning of LBK farmers' dairy exploitation. The earliest LBK settlements occurred in the middle of the sixth millennium BC, according to these new dates.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">"This research is hugely significant because it provides new insights into the timing of major changes in human food procurement practices as they evolved across Europe," stated co-author Professor Evershed. Despite variations in the scale of activity, this provides clear evidence that dairy foods were widely distributed in the Early Neolithic."</p><p style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #555555; font-family: "Droid Sans", sans-serif; font-size: 14px; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Source: <a href="https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2109325118" rel="noopener" style="border: 0px; color: #6093d2; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; transition: background-color 0s ease 0s, color 0.2s linear 0s; vertical-align: baseline;" target="_blank"><i style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i></a></p>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-20000976222736114142020-05-21T19:48:00.000+10:002020-05-23T21:52:27.732+10:00Earliest Ancient Beer identified at 6.000 Years Ago<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: justify;">It is said that ancient humans settled down because they wanted to turn grain </span><i style="text-align: justify;">(they did not use barley then)</i><span style="text-align: justify;"> into beer. This is unlikely: How did they know how to make beer before they had the bread and learned how yeast worked? Note that the original beer did not have hops. This beer was not that fizzy. it was like a soup.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg63G6HPA2DSfnIyNAqf6oaokWxOhUa7_H9fMgDyFy-RvmpbCgZYoQ8p3L5rYHTUL9cv2HRd8oRXlYvEsLgX_0fQ8NKpvGklIE4ofmBrrxpVUxlK1LrY47TZfweU71zzRLYDnGwnQ/s320/beer.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg63G6HPA2DSfnIyNAqf6oaokWxOhUa7_H9fMgDyFy-RvmpbCgZYoQ8p3L5rYHTUL9cv2HRd8oRXlYvEsLgX_0fQ8NKpvGklIE4ofmBrrxpVUxlK1LrY47TZfweU71zzRLYDnGwnQ/s320/beer.png" width="420" /></a></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">The euphoric feeling you get from drinking alcohol led to it being included in ritual and worship of prehistoric people. Moreover, we all know how imbibing improves social interaction. Ancient societies liked it so much that it became embedded in their culture.</span></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">Identifying when the first beer was made is difficult. The remains of prehistoric malted grain can be identified by thinning of aleurone cell walls Grains from five sites were obtained. Researchers simulated the preservation process of ancient beer. They malted barley grain by charring. This was compared with the ancient grains.</span></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">Findings were evaluated for more than a year. Finally, there were happy that the earliest beer made by human beings was confirmed. The first beer ever made was brewed in Neolithic Central Europe 6,000 years ago. Preserved burnt crusts, though pulverized, proved this. It can be assumed that bread was made as well.</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #cfe2f3;"><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span><span style="color: #4f7495; font-size: 12px;"><b>21</b></span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #dfe7ee; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #dfe7ee;">1-</span><span style="color: #495c8d;">9</span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">-</span><span style="color: #dfe7ee;">1</span></b></span></div>
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beer how made ancient did grain prehistoric first bread grains know malted barley preservation researchers <br />
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<span style="color: #3d8021; font-family: "microsoft himalaya"; font-size: 0px;"><br />
archaeological malting marker microstructural science health climate animals food study sciences method human learning technology early ruins fossils research sites aleurone cell finds society evolution archaeology crust evidence site humans civilizations agriculture fossil brain medicine molecular oldest origins reexamining malt-based preserved diagnostic brewing beverages process experimental cereal-based beer-brewing colleagues</span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-5283808786479798992020-05-19T22:38:00.000+10:002020-05-21T19:46:50.895+10:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: justify;">It is said that ancient humans settled down because they wanted to turn grain </span><i style="text-align: justify;">(they did not use barley then)</i><span style="text-align: justify;"> into beer. This is unlikely: How did they know how to make beer before they had the bread and learned how yeast worked? Note that the original beer did not have hops. This beer was not that fizzy. it was like a soup.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg63G6HPA2DSfnIyNAqf6oaokWxOhUa7_H9fMgDyFy-RvmpbCgZYoQ8p3L5rYHTUL9cv2HRd8oRXlYvEsLgX_0fQ8NKpvGklIE4ofmBrrxpVUxlK1LrY47TZfweU71zzRLYDnGwnQ/s320/beer.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg63G6HPA2DSfnIyNAqf6oaokWxOhUa7_H9fMgDyFy-RvmpbCgZYoQ8p3L5rYHTUL9cv2HRd8oRXlYvEsLgX_0fQ8NKpvGklIE4ofmBrrxpVUxlK1LrY47TZfweU71zzRLYDnGwnQ/s320/beer.png" width="420" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: start;">The euphoric feeling you get from drinking alcohol led to it being included in ritual and worship of prehistoric people. Moreover, we all know how imbibing improves social interaction. Ancient societies liked it so much that it became embedded in their culture.</span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: start;">Identifying when the first beer was made is difficult. The remains of prehistoric malted grain can be identified by thinning of aleurone cell walls Grains from five sites were obtained. Researchers simulated the preservation process of ancient beer. They malted barley grain by charring. This was compared with the ancient grains.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: start;">Findings were evaluated for more than a year. Finally, there were happy that the earliest beer made by human beings was confirmed. The first beer ever made was brewed in Neolithic Central Europe 6,000 years ago. Preserved burnt crusts, though pulverized, proved this. It can be assumed that bread was made as well.</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="background-color: #cfe2f3;"><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span><span style="color: #4f7495; font-size: 12px;"><b>21</b></span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: #dfe7ee; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: #dfe7ee;">1-</span><span style="color: #495c8d;">9</span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">-</span><span style="color: #dfe7ee;">1</span></b></span></div>
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Keywords: <br />
beer how made ancient did grain prehistoric first bread grains know malted barley preservation researchers <br />
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<span style="color: #3d8021; font-family: "microsoft himalaya"; font-size: 0px;"><br />
archaeological malting marker microstructural science health climate animals food study sciences method human learning technology early ruins fossils research sites aleurone cell finds society evolution archaeology crust evidence site humans civilizations agriculture fossil brain medicine molecular oldest origins reexamining malt-based preserved diagnostic brewing beverages process experimental cereal-based beer-brewing colleagues</span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-54924751620222984982020-05-02T00:59:00.003+10:002020-05-04T23:54:58.914+10:00Non-Human Primates had Brain Language Pathway<div style="text-align: justify;">
Until recently the earliest language pathway was believed to have originated 5 million years ago. However, it seems that the auditory system was evolving toward language in nonhuman primates 25 million years ago. This conclusion was reached after brain scans of humans, apes and monkeys.</div>
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The auditory system found in other primates is an evolutionary forerunner of the human language pathway. Therefore, there is a clear evolutionary path toward auditory cognition and vocal communication. Language capability is nascent in nonhuman primates.</div>
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Proof of early language development was there all the time but was never understood before. Analysis of the human brain shows a strong structure on the left side of the language pathway. The right side has changed from what it was in other primates: it has diverged into non-auditory parts of the brain.</div>
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It is now believed that the path to language capability began more than 25 million years, probably in preprimate animals. Brain scans of neurology patient is now underway to learn more about the evolved communication capacity in humans.</div>
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<span style="background-color: #cfe2f3;"><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span><span style="color: #4f7495; font-size: 12px;"><b>28</b></span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #3d8021; font-family: "microsoft himalaya"; font-size: 0px;">Keyword: <br />
auditory earlier research primate neurology education animal early fossils earth system neuroscience source apes professor scans brains world society life lost anthropology ancient global climate biology physics web fossilized oldest originated biodiversity nature prototype story usa faculty cognition discovery precursor transformation nonhuman basis speech regions ancestor finding neuroscientists</span></div>
ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-49521789215357745832020-02-23T01:32:00.000+10:002020-03-07T20:14:24.578+10:00Theory on Super-Archaic Human Interbreeding Gaining Acceptance<div style="text-align: justify;">
The research shows that super-archaic humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia two million years ago <i>(note: Homo erectus is classed as human)</i>. There is nothing special about them. Super-archaic is just a name given to them. Hominins are the line that resulted in us, from the time when the divergence from chimpanzee and bonobo occurred.<br />
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Super-archaics had a long time out of Africa alone. Well we think that is the case. Much later, between 400,000 and 300,000 years ago another ancient human moved from Africa. Those who went to Europe evolved into Neanderthals, while those moving into Asia became Denisovans.</div>
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Our ancestors who remained in Africa became Homo sapiens, us. There is a lot of debate and disagreement about when we left Africa. Theories range from 200,000 years ago or even earlier to 60,000 before the present. But it is thought that the early leavers died out - not yet fully proven.</div>
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When Homo-sapiens met Neanderthals and Denisovans interbreeding took place. However, the Neanderthals and Denisovans carried genes from super-archaics who they interbred with 700,000 years earlier. They should not have had fertile offspring because super-archaics were so distantly related that it was not thought impossible.<br />
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It must be noted that this article is based on findings from scientific research. However, one needs to be cautious about "theories" based on genetics of modern humans. Conclusions cannot be specific, only general.<br />
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<span style="background-color: #cfe2f3;"><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span><span style="color: #4f7495; font-size: 12px;"><b>11</b></span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span></span></div>
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Keywords: africa, years, ago, science researchers, sapiens, earth, planet, early human migration, species, modern, humans, evolved, earlier, fossils, discover, conventional, asia, species evolved, single, thousands, populations, archaic, point, evidence, </span></div>
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years, human, rogers, ancient, interbreeding, university, populations, humans, separated, neanderthals, super-archaics, neanderthal-denisovan, population, million, science, study, analyzing, interbred, ancestors, super-archaic, evolutionary, anthropology, methods, data, history, genetic, modern, size, distantly, denisovans, discovered, dna, earliest, research</span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-82784222621208404252020-02-21T00:49:00.001+10:002020-02-23T20:59:45.663+10:00Roman Empire Traded With Southeast Asia<div style="text-align: justify;">
There is proof that the Roman Empire had trade links with Pangkung Paru in Bali in Southeast Asia. This is a revelation. It was thought that Rome conquered most of the known world, but knowledge of far away Asia must have been commonly known on Europe.<br />
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An oval stone sarcophagus was found and it was excavated by the Bali Institute of Archaeology (BALAR). It contained the largest collection of Roman gold-glass beads. Moreover, there were also bronze mirrors from China. People did not stay in their home villages in those days. They travelled widely.</div>
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Trade from Europe to far Asia blossomed on the mid 1st-millennium. However it was not thought to have happened this far back. Another four burial sites in Pangkung Paru yielded bronze artifacts, shells, gold ear pendants, and more gold-glass beads as well as Chinese bronze mirrors. A second sarcophagus had a bronze drum and artifacts draped around the individual's skull.</div>
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The gold-glass beads were from the time when Rome occupied Egypt. They have been found at Berenike on the Red Sea, Persian Gulf and Nubia. The style of Gold ear pendants in Bali are similar in design to the Middle Eastern objects.<br />
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Trade obviously took place with Southeast Asia in the 1st century AD. At that time Rome got glass from India. Gold analyzed from Bali artifacts show it came from the Vietnam-Laos region. Much of written history taught in text books will have to be rewritten.<br />
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<span style="background-color: #cfe2f3;"><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span><span style="color: #4f7495; font-size: 12px;"><b>6</b></span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span></span></div>
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Keywords: silk asia indian trade empire east asia trade route sea southeast trade roman protects sea china route asia india roman india road india china east sea southeast road southeast silk peninsula indian protects chinese east road indian peninsula chinese protects china empire route chinese roman empire silk peninsula ships century traders arrived cargo egypt issues rome seas years thousand silver gold gifts reached arriving region archipelago greek goods massive conquest mountains deserts paths history west historical road’s </span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-86709455441314597062020-02-01T19:34:00.003+10:002020-02-03T00:21:11.983+10:00Megalithic Sites Produce Magnetism<div style="text-align: justify;">
It appears that altered states of consciousness experienced by megalithic people were physical in origin. They were not from Gods. The Rollright stone circle in England was tested for magnetism. A band of magnetism was detected that funnelled into the entrance. Then it spiralled around and went into a "rabbit hole" in the center of the circle.<br />
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Two of the western stones pulsate in concentric rings of AC current. The flow inside the circle is actually weaker than that outside the circle. The ring of stones act as a barrier creating a stillness inside. A set of instructions for building such a place was found at the Edfu temple in Egypt. Sacrifice of a snake by piercing was required before construction.</div>
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Dolmens at Carmac in France amplify telluric energy at dawn. The electrical induction is like a solenoid. To produce this affect dolmens were made from quartz crystalline rock. The flow is pulsating, alternating every 70 minutes. There are carvings of serpents on the stones.</div>
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Avebury in England attracts a current from the ground into the stone circle. Telluric current flows into a ditch. It is twice as strong at the entrance. This magnetism significantly weakens at night. There are pulses or fluctuations in the flow. Stones are positioned in a pattern identical to atomic particle colliders.<br />
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Magnetism influences the human body as it flows through the blood vessels and it charges the brain. It stimulates serotonin the "feel good" chemical. Intense stimulation of serotonin makes the hallucinogen DMT. So hallucinations, shamanistic states, and psychic experiences are not spiritual. They are physical.<br />
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<span style="background-color: #cfe2f3;"><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span><span style="color: #4f7495; font-size: 12px;"><b>10</b></span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span></span></div>
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Keywords: stones, temples, ancient, megaliths, circle, stone, sites, avebury, temple, sacred, mereux, field, energy, menhirs, places, magnetic, carnac, megalithic, </span></div>
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stones, sites, energy, ancient, stone, megalithic, circle, temple, magnetic, avebury, places, temples, sacred, menhirs, carnac, megaliths, mereux, field, surrounding, telluric, site, current, dawn, world, special, magnetism, state, readings, intensity, currents, study, geomagnetic, environment, ground, force, modern, night, egyptian, history, discoveries, earth, investigation, physical, enter, structures, mysteries, planted, active, france, electricity, rocks, quartz, standing, voltage,</span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-84409398930870752122020-01-26T14:22:00.000+10:002020-06-05T17:16:56.684+10:00Single Migration Out of Africa is Wrong - Scientists<div style="text-align: justify;">
The long held "belief" that humans came out of Africa 60,000 years ago has now been officially announced as wrong by scientists. Migrations had been regularly been pushed back as far as 120,000 years before the present. It seems migration was constant not in waves.<br />
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New research methods detect Homo sapiens in Asia very early, particularly in China. Genetic traces of these people are very low in modern humans. This indicates that the initial movement was slow from Africa. Later it became of a flood of Inquisitive searchers of new regions beyond.</div>
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The early arrivals interbred with Denisovans and Neanderthals. These humans were taller and slender than those who came later. Neaderthals made tools from large flakes while humans technology involved lighter, finer cutting blades and spear heads. This was probably because Neanderthals were more muscular and tended to bash the quarry to death.</div>
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Humans were more creative, carving antlers and bone. They made ivory flutes. Cave etchings show their expertise and their world. They did evolve in Africa indicated by modern day Africans. Later genetic change in other parts of the world were largely adaptive. These included skin color, nasal structure and fat around the eyelids both to deal with colder climates.<br />
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We all carry the mitochondrial DNA of one woman (Eve) who lived in Africa over 200,000 years ago. She had an unbroken line of daughters. It must be noted that she also had an ancient ancestor. Those who went to Asia left very little evidence behind. Fossils and artifacts found are mainly from Europe. Australian Aboriginals arrived in Australia 45,000 years back, before humans entered Europe 40,000 years. We will have to accept that Aboriginal culture is older than European culture. Note, most recent research puts earliest arrival of Homo sapiens to Europe at 210,000 years ago, but they died out. No agreement on dates has yet been reached.<br />
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Keywords: africa, years, ago, science researchers, sapiens, earth, planet, early human migration, species, modern, humans, evolved, earlier, fossils, discover, conventional, asia, species evolved, single, thousands, populations, archaic, point, evidence, </span></div>
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africa, years ago, science researchers, homo sapiens, earth, planet, early human migration, species, modern, humans, evolved, earlier, fossils, discover, conventional, asia, species evolved, genetic evidence, single, thousands, populations, archaic, point, evidence, neanderthals, denisovans, idea, today, oldest, land, evolution, regional, homeland, interbreeding, continent, homo, email, enter, curious, stay, find, century, model, erectus, group, reached, spread, eastern, finds, artifacts, dispersal, peninsula, crossing, wide, miles, archaeological, denisovans, evolutionary, multiple, hypothesis, hominin, african, rewrite, official, environment, health, technology, mind,</span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-40254608385924158322020-01-24T15:03:00.001+10:002020-01-25T21:27:58.547+10:00Denisovan Bracelet - Oldest jewelry Ever Discovered<div style="text-align: justify;">
Bracelet is made 40,000 years ago by Denisovan who used a tool like a drill to make holes of the same diameter in the jewelry. It was obviously made by a master craftsman. The bracelet is made of chlorite a silicate mineral usually green in color. Chlorite is the name of a group of common sheet silicate minerals that form during the early stages of metamorphism. Most chlorite minerals are green in color, have a foliated appearance, perfect cleavage, and an oily, soapy feel. They are found in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.</div>
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The body jewelry was found in the Denisovan cave in Siberia - the cave that the premodern hominids were named after. They were close enough genetically to Homo sapiens for inter-breeding to occur producing fertile offspring. The term "human" is now loosely used to include this species and back to Homo erectus.</div>
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This find puts Denisovans ahead of Homo sapiens technologically. Denisovans were much older than Homo sapiens leaving Africa earlier. They could polish, grind and rasp hard materials using animal skins that they cured into leather in a basic way, The bracelet was polished.</div>
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No evidence could be found of modern humans being in the location at that time or since. Denisovans had been in the cave a long time. Woolly mammoth bones and artifacts found there go back 125,000 years. They came out of Africa soon after Homo erectus began moving from the continent.<br />
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<span style="background-color: #cfe2f3;"><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span><span style="color: #4f7495; font-size: 12px;"><b>14</b></span><span style="color: #cfe2f3;">1</span></span></div>
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Keywords: bracelet, denisovan, archaeology, jewelry, tool, drill, ancient, derevyanko, stone, subscribe, america, institute, chlorite, cave, </span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-29786779094806860182020-01-10T15:49:00.000+10:002020-01-24T21:29:56.709+10:00Genetically Modified Things are Dangerous<div style="text-align: justify;">Genetically modified things are dangerous. Whoops! But we are already using them. GM crops have already crossed with normal plantings in adjacent farms. The producers of the GM seeds are suing these farmers for using the crossed seed which they claim belongs to them.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjurlrGPRTNfM6iQhi4kpTc7p6Hw6_W97fAv_QdgBCmtQ0bGsjD6yWqTzYqSDOO1Dv21qtfliBAXdKhE_2LtWwGk5Pd7Ch1a5HVsUF32kZCgbAfbXY1dDhA3Rt5QglRGGFwTThyBg/s320/virus.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="275" height="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjurlrGPRTNfM6iQhi4kpTc7p6Hw6_W97fAv_QdgBCmtQ0bGsjD6yWqTzYqSDOO1Dv21qtfliBAXdKhE_2LtWwGk5Pd7Ch1a5HVsUF32kZCgbAfbXY1dDhA3Rt5QglRGGFwTThyBg/s320/virus.jpg" width="420" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Dogs were given a virus that had been genetically modified: the DNA integrated into the host genome. Oncogenes were activated. The virus entered into cells that influence cell growth. The affected cells' rate of division increased dramatically.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Modified viruses are a popular way of treating people now. Practitioners had a ho hum attitude to this. It has to changed. The final result of such treatment will probably be cancer. Researchers have known for decades that tests on very young mice were detrimental. However, they pushed blindly ahead.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The project on the dogs has been concluded. Calls were made to continue for another five years to discover whether the canine develop tumors. Vested interests stop it. Ultimately, the truth will become known in the future when cancer cases are linked to DNA modification of viruses.<br />
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Keywords: gene, scientist, research, therapy, disease, cells, cell, biology, dna, blood, infographics, virus, cancer, researchers, therapies, viruses, hemophilia, science, dogs,</span></div></div><span style="color: #3d8021; font-size: 0px;">inflammation, clinical, therapeutic, genome, concerns, study, dog, alzheimer’s, innovations, acid, nucleic, health, studies, patients, articles, viral, medicine, aav, factor, genetic, growth, insertions, host, vector, treated, division, researcher, iconoclastic, china, specimens, optogenetic, hard-to-treat, antibodies, crispred, magnetogenetics, replicate, fail, crispr-edited, vectors, trials, disorder, adeno-associated, livers, genes, biotech, pharma, obituaries, neuroscience, microbiology, immunology, genomics, genetics, evolution, environment,</span><br />
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<br style="text-align: start;" /></div>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-13260034352128542072020-01-06T14:34:00.000+10:002020-01-24T21:32:08.209+10:00Apeman in Singapore - Bukit Timah Monkey Man<div style="text-align: justify;">The Yeti and Sasquatch are not the only apemen out there. Even Singapore has it very own hairy hominid. He has been named the Buki Timah monkey man. Twelve kilometers from the most populated part of Singapore lies pristine rainforest on the Bukit Timah mountain.</div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-UEyNBi9g44ipOgulH0IsLY0qVXRSEfAnR-GS3Y2qiAm0R4nnPbRxCSXBUZqojeZKSkiQ2ijVe0uKBhCgj5P80L7XFzV7o6WNEFinsaMReoLXA4MDz5YBc1xqNuf6WWNTgNkNqA/s1600/apeman.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="98" data-original-width="112" height="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-UEyNBi9g44ipOgulH0IsLY0qVXRSEfAnR-GS3Y2qiAm0R4nnPbRxCSXBUZqojeZKSkiQ2ijVe0uKBhCgj5P80L7XFzV7o6WNEFinsaMReoLXA4MDz5YBc1xqNuf6WWNTgNkNqA/s320/apeman.png" width="420" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">People even today get lost in the nature reserve because it is so dense. But tourists flock to the jungle around the summit. Sightings of the creature go back over 200 years. An upright walking animal with a face like a macaque was seen in 1805. It should be noted that a similar creature was recently filmed in an alley in eastern Europe - believed to have escaped from a lab.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">During WWII Japan occupied Singapore and Japanese soldiers had many sightings. The only photo claiming to be of monkey-man taken is 1905 is not convincing. A closeup shows it is probably a bulldog in a driveway.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">The "monster" was seen rummaging through a rubbish bin. Searching bins for food is common long-tailed macaque behavior. With so many people living in Singapore macaques supplement their normal crab diet with human food.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">There is a Singaporean legend of a man-like creature. Children are told scary stories to stop them wandering into the forest. City people say that it is a myth of legend. An immortal monkey-man forest spirit, Orang Pendek, is also held to reside in Sumatra.<br />
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Keywords: science, china, dwarfism, ancient, skeleton, news, rare, live, individual, human, people, life, archaeologists, condition, skeletal, buried, giant, humans, discovered, related, b.c, body, grow, short, skeleton's, bones, remains, dysplasia, scientists, meaning, woman, history, tomb, health, fact, texts, historical, century, neolithic, hypothyroidism, pituitary, thyroid, achondroplasia, function, development, bone, gland, stature, archaeological, proportionate, diagnosed, adult, trunk, head, limbs, burial, report, science, china, dwarfism, ancient, skeleton</span></div></div><br />
<span style="color: #3d8021; font-size: 0px;">Keywords: hunt elusive Bukit Timah Monkey Man Bukit Timah Nature Reserve’s famous ape-like creature caught film short film project Singaporean artists NADA Brandon Tay revisits legendary creature. Bukit Timah Monkey Man (NADA Safuan) NADA Safuan Johari recording ambient sounds short film Search Of Bukit Timah Monkey Man. (Photo: Taufiq Jaafar) Mayo Martin SINGAPORE: couple weeks ago, joggers hikers Bukit Timah Nature Reserve spotted growling ape-like creature long white hair. rare sighting infamous Bukit Timah Monkey Man? The work, titled Search Of Bukit Timah Monkey Man, presents fictional, psychedelic encounter elusive creature. Together other video piece DJ KoFlow, premiere next month’s Aliwal Urban Art Festival Singapore Art Week. Both pieces were commissioned Goethe-Institut Singapore new Sound Of City project create audio-visual “portraits” Singapore. looking urban aspects city, NADA Tay set sights nature reserve – famous wild “resident”. The so-called Monkey Man been country’s enduring, albeit lesser-known urban legends, reported sightings stretch back way 00s recent mid-2000s. The group inspired tackle legend unusual circumstances surround it: How story cryptid existence can’t verified persist small patch rainforest middle affluent neighbourhood? “The curious Bukit Timah legend Monkey Man been consistent years. There’s always been story mysterious creature small area. thought interesting counterpoint thinking city. It’s symbolic ‘other’,” Tay. The oddness struck NADA member Safuan Johari, earlier gone several trips inside record ambient nature imal sounds. Bukit Timah Monkey Man (Safuan quarry) NADA Safuan Johari Hindhede Quarry. (Photo: Taufiq Jaafar) “deep area – few kilometres big – why (the legend) strange. When thinking Monkey Man hide, lot places,” adding imals saw lots birds, monitor lizards, real monkeys. time, group imagination – way, exactly point. “doesn’t matter something real important sparks conversations,” Safuan. In fact, Tay added, easier understand why legend exists treat Monkey Man actual imal kind supernatural “manifestation” reflects society’s subconscious thoughts. pointed out, example, sporadic spates monkey man sightings India less-than-peaceful times. OTRD bukit timah trail A trail Bukit Timah nature reserve. Safuan added Monkey Man story – unpredictable creature middle wild – symbolic contrast Singapore’s own image Garden City, greenery meticulously controlled. But group pointed oral folklore urban legends danger disappearing. “think older generation know stories,” Rizman, recalled parents grandparents share stories supposed white tiger MacRitchie Reservoir orang bunian (elves) cross Lornie Road middle night. “knew stories back forested areas kampongs around them.” Today, discovering previous nuggets stories difficult. While working Monkey Man project, group hard time finding research materials: handful accounts – including Japanese soldiers World War II – book briefly mentions monkey man likes Yeti Sasquatch. Bukit Timah Monkey Man (NADA Rizman Putra) “When hear fragments, missing reconstruct it,” Tay, added hope film made becomes way “continue legend”. And so-called legend actually true? What come face-to-face actual Bukit Timah Monkey Man? </span><br />
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-87149161852915223952020-01-01T09:04:00.006+10:002020-01-07T01:07:32.125+10:00Hibernation Genes Means Pandas are Born Premature<div style="text-align: justify;">
One evolved feature in an animal can affect another feature. Of course, the environment is the main factor in determining which feature wins out. Some animals have developed hibernation to survive harsh winters, but this can affect foetal development.</div>
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Bears in particular are born very small because of a short pregnancy due to hibernation. Pandas have this trait even though they do not hibernate. They carry the genes for hibernation, though it is not expressed.</div>
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Oddly, panda cubs are born weaker than other bears. Adult pandas are 900 time larger than their newborns. This ratio is higher than other bears, though polar bear have a ration of 400:1. Mammals generally have a ratio of 26:1 overall.</div>
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It seems that baby pandas are born prematurely as the norm. Their bones are underdeveloped. This is making survival of the species difficult. Without help from humans the species would have become extinct.<br />
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<span style="color: #3d8021; font-size: 0;">Keywords: panda, science, bears, species, birth, news, animals, pandas, born, babies, premature, ive, giant, photos, bear, skeletons, small, newborn, cubs, tiny, humans, baby, underdeveloped, hibernate, china, future, wildest, world, adorable, develop, young, diet, wild, pregnancies, polar, researchers, zoo, cub, weight, mothers, undercooked, theory,</span>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-1912653462779654272020-01-01T01:26:00.001+10:002020-01-01T21:07:44.695+10:00Scientist Says There is Life on Mars<div style="text-align: justify;">
It seems some scientists fall into the trap of believing they are "all knowing" and they know the truth about things. Professor emeritus William Romoser says he has photographic proof that creatures like bees and reptiles exist on Mars.<br />
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His areas of specialty are viruses in arthropods, and entomology. He suggests that he can see fossilized remains and living things on the Mars' surface. Just how he can differentiate a fossil from "skeletal' remains in less that perfect low resolution photos is a mystery.</div>
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His prize "fact' is in a photo of the Mars lander's track. He sees something like an insect. To most people it looks like a stone. Human beings have evolved to put order into what is seen. That is why the ancients saw animals in the stars of the night sky.</div>
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The propensity to make sense of patterns is called pareidolia. It could be said that it is when scientists take their work home with them. Examining the same animal in the laboratory for years on end will result in them seeing the same animal when sitting in the garden and looking across the lawn.</div>
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Knowing this, we should still keep an open mind. In response to the claim NASA did make a statement. It said current evidence shows no water on the surface of Mars. This is despite that fact that research is being done to find water just below the surface for a future occupation of the planet by humans.<br />
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<span style="color: #3d8021; font-size: 0;">Keywords: live, alien, life-forms, evidence, insects, martian, transplanted, body, discoveries, photos, system, rover, landscape, study, shapes, photographs, false, reptiles, future, conditions, spaceflight, climate, animals, nasa, water, universe, exploring, extraterrestrial, planet, surface, scientist, patterns, brain, discovery, expert, life-form, reptile-like, insect, bug</span><br />
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-46374809024623424512019-12-19T13:36:00.000+10:002020-01-09T00:25:35.549+10:00Ancient Woman from China was a Drawf - Archaeologists<div style="text-align: justify;">
A 5,000 year old skeleton of a woman suffering from non-genetic dwarfism is found in China. Skeletal dysplasia resulted in proportionate dwarfism where the whole skeleton is small. It is rare in humans. Pediatric onset hypopituitarism and hypothyroidism is an underactive thyroid and pituitary gland.<br />
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This individual would need support from others to survive. It indicates that a tight social structure existed in the community. Of course, the society did not know that iodine would have prevented the ongoing damage to the person's body. Even today Chinese people suffer more from iodine deficiency than Westerners because it is lacking in their diet.</div>
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There is contentious debate among archaeologists about the treatment of those with dwarfism in Ancient Chinese society. Confucian texts written in the 4th century B.C. say that those with deformities were accepted as equals. However, accounts two centuries later indicate that people with dwarfism were pushed out to live with others seen as "not normal."</div>
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It seems that societies in the past had different ways of treating others deleteriously affected by disease or genetics. Deformities would prevent them from helping to grow food, and hunting for meat was out of the question.<br />
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-53448577966199964962019-12-14T16:39:00.000+10:002019-12-15T01:46:24.229+10:00Australian Government Plans Nuclear Power Near Aboriginals - Albanese<div style="text-align: justify;">The Australian government has opened the way for Australia to have nuclear power stations. The Liberal/National Party government (note these are not liberals: they are right wing conservatives) plan to lift the ban. Anthony Albanese leader of Labor says that the ending the ban is fantasy.<br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcxP1IcJr-1-U9HrYj7Te2BNFQW5aTBfl3xRdZwsisRNXy4PXi1AJVxGRu59AfrQX_7K3Mf6pkgKZzfgePGed_yS5ghL7JU4WwZi_Bm1q_EVc7_0Ukq_v6xzVpV7ozj-lVsR-sVw/s320/nuclear.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcxP1IcJr-1-U9HrYj7Te2BNFQW5aTBfl3xRdZwsisRNXy4PXi1AJVxGRu59AfrQX_7K3Mf6pkgKZzfgePGed_yS5ghL7JU4WwZi_Bm1q_EVc7_0Ukq_v6xzVpV7ozj-lVsR-sVw/s320/nuclear.jpg" width="420" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div>Why would Australia even want such a dangerous electricity generation system when it is fourth on the planet in coal reserves and is ranked even higher on quality coal. Just like Donald Trump this business government is in gaga land. Their fantasy is to put power stations and hide the waste on Aboriginal land - let Aboriginals die of radiation poisoning.<br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;">We have only to look to Japan to see what can happen. Remember Chernobyl and One Mile Island? People are filling up the planet. There nowhere to pur contaminated waste. The current Australian government treat Aboriginals as third class citizens even after illegal immigrants.<br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Aboriginals have had their unemployment benefits taken away. Their wives now get food coupons in lieu of it. Black men are banned from drinking alcohol when white people living in the same communities with Aboriginal wives are alloweed to drink, get drunk and are not arrested by police.</div><br />
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Keywords: nuclear, guardian, share, aboriginal, australia, energy, edition, news, power, albanese, switch, policy, world, report, twitter, support, time, media, subscribe, search, facebook, tech, indigenous, football, politics, anthony, aborigine</span></div>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-29070521004107005392019-10-01T16:24:00.003+10:002019-12-14T00:19:44.016+10:00Mystery of Wombat Cube Poo Solved - Award<div style="text-align: justify;">You are taking a walk in the bush and there it is in front of you - cubed poo. Is there an answer to this puzzle? There is now. Australian biologists have discovered how the wily Australian wombat does it. The answer lies in wombat intestines which are unique.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYIa_3s55nROriw-x2NkY5hvGqiaJjAPyFk9A4pc6VW9ndn6jV9GT2C4Cmq8nl6xAC1SspL3LQW4JkR0mrP4IelESgp9erinwmiAGzGRRwEC1aSypiEHTC93cN7tgq3wSVcHu44A/s1600/wombat-poo.gif" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYIa_3s55nROriw-x2NkY5hvGqiaJjAPyFk9A4pc6VW9ndn6jV9GT2C4Cmq8nl6xAC1SspL3LQW4JkR0mrP4IelESgp9erinwmiAGzGRRwEC1aSypiEHTC93cN7tgq3wSVcHu44A/s320/wombat-poo.gif" width="420" /></a></div><br />
Dr Allyn Martin, Dr Scott Carver and Dr Ashley Edwards of the University of Tasmania were awarded the lg Nobel Prize for physics for this achievement. The lg awards are given for things that make you laugh, then think. The prize giving was held at Harvard University.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">In the first research project to find out how cube is produced, It was noted that wombats have very long intestines about 10 meters long. More water is taken in Wombat intestines than in humans. Rather than the anus determining the shape of poo Wombat intestines make the cube shape.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;">Wombat intestines stretch uniformly. There are also two groove along the intestines. These grooves create some rigidity allowing the intestine between them on each side to stretch out. You would think that the poo would be shaped like an almond but the cube shape is the result.<br />
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Furthermore, the faeces are formed a meter in from a wombat's anus. Their scat is very dry at this point. The anus muscles do not change the cube shape because it is already hard and dry. The reason for square poo is still an open question. Why would nature create an animal to make such weird poop?</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: "arial";">◆ BIOLOGY </span></span><span style="color: yellow; font-family: "arial"; text-align: justify;">◆</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://tysaustralia.com/" style="font-size: 12px;">Tys Outback</a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://funny--animal--photos.blogspot.com.au/"><span style="font-size: 16px;">Amusing Animal Pics</span></a><br />
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<div style="text-align: left;">CITATION</div><div style="text-align: left;">M. Eggleton. IG Nobel Ways To Answer Humanities Big Questions <i>National Geographic</i> Published August 26 2019.</div></div></div></div></div>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-4383062901914728482019-09-20T23:43:00.000+10:002019-12-13T20:38:19.259+10:00Can Australia Afford Chinese Students?<div style="text-align: justify;">
Sixteen per cent of income of Australian tertiary institutions comes from<span style="color: #ffe599;"> <a href="https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/rp/rp1819/Quick_Guides/OverseasStudents"><span style="color: #ffe599;">Chinese students</span></a></span>. It isn't the case of can these education bodies afford to lose the money. The real issue is, can Australia afford to have Chinese interference in Australia's internal affairs?<br />
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</span> <span style="text-align: start;">It is clear that <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-08-14/liberal-gladys-liu-linked-to-secretive-chinese-influence-network/11288210"><span style="color: #ffe599;">China has established a network of Chinese in Australia</span></a>, some Australian citizens others short- term stayers, who spy on us and manipulate our politicians.</span><br />
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<span style="text-align: start;">Let's face it, under the Coalition government the <a href="https://www.macrobusiness.com.au/2017/09/universities-become-money-grubbing-degree-factories/"><span style="color: #ffe599;">education system in Australia has become a money-making machine</span></a> with education chiefs blatantly touring Asia on bended knee pleading for more paying students.</span></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">India is the growth region. <a href="https://international.adelaide.edu.au/admissions/scholarships"><span style="color: #ffe599;">Discounts are given to get them to study in Australia</span></a>. Most Indians want residency but this is not easy to get. So some remain in Australia illegally. China, on the other hand, will always be the largest market.</span></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">Universities say they are pushing their policy to keep the <a href="https://www.afr.com/policy/health-and-education/jackson-oped-20180812-h13urj"><span style="color: #ffe599;">brightest Asian students</span></a> here to benefit Australia. This is at odds with Australian government policy of keeping foreigners out at all costs. The best can do post-graduate study but that is it - no permanent residency.</span><br />
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R. Bolton. <a href="https://www.afr.com/policy/health-and-education/chinese-students-have-already-stopped-coming-coming-to-australia-20190821-p52jhf">Chinese students have already stopped coming coming to Australia</a> <i>Financial Review</i> Published August 26 2019.<br />
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<span style="color: #3d8021; font-family: "parchment"; font-size: 0;">Warning catastrophe looms Australian universities relying Chinese students An aerial rows seated graduation students colourful sashes black academic robes. PHOTO: Chinese nationals now account cent students Australian universities. (ABC News: Danielle Bonica) RELATED STORY: study university foreign students: solution language gap RELATED STORY: When large numbers students started failing, alarm bells began ringing academics RELATED STORY: Chinese students coaxed cheating Government plans crackdown A downturn number students China "catastrophic" Australian universities force taxpayers prop budgets nation oldest sandstone institutions. Key points In Australia higher education sector generated $ billion The University Sydney tops list institutions dependent fees Chinese students — fifth total revenue Universities reject criticism overexposed Chinese student market That warning Salvatore Babones, adjunct scholar Centre Independent Studies, likens exposure Australian universities China student market risks big banks faced global financial crisis. "The risks primarily financial," Associate Professor Babones said. "Australian universities treated Chinese students cash cows international student market. They've relied Chinese students expansion funding." "Australian universities extraordinarily exposed Chinese market, extraordinarily mean Australian universities multiple several times number Chinese students comparable university world. "At levels exposure, small percentage declines Chinese student numbers induce significant financial hardship universities struggle meet fixed costs infrastructure permanent staff salaries midst revenue shortfall. "Large percentage declines catastrophic." Top Australian universities named In paper published today Centre Independent Studies, Associate Professor Babones calculates massive revenue reaped top-tier Australian universities international students. The University Sydney atop list, fees Chinese students totalling $500 million dollars — fifth total nual revenue. Students walk path University New South Wales. PHOTO: Australian universities dependent Chinese students revenue, according Salvatore Bobones, adjunct scholar Centre Independent Studies. (AAP: Dean Lewins) The total stock plant equipment Australian universities increased almost cent University Sydney "key management personnel compensation" rose cent same period. The University Melbourne, Australian National University, University NSW, University Technology Sydney, University Adelaide University Queensland overexposed Chinese student market, according Associate Professor Babones. "If were ASX-listed companies, regulators them diversify risk, least divulge risk," said. "But they're public entities they're able hide behind shield government let know risks they're taking, responsibly work reduce them. "In global financial crisis world governments bailed biggest banks were big fail. failure bank caused rupture financial system. "Right now problem Australia big universities big fail." "You let major metropolitan university bankrupt, major metropolitan universities trading knowledge. "They taking loans they're making long-term commitments staff students based projected revenues moment notice disappear macroeconomic event involving China Chinese currency." Students treated cash cows Abbey Shi international student studying arts law University Sydney. She many Chinese families made huge sacrifices send children university Australia. Abbey standing park University Sydney, smiling wearing black jacket white shirt. PHOTO: Abbey Shi says many Chinese families make large sacrifices send children Australian universities. (ABC News: Elena De Bruijne) "I think, personally speaking, really lucky parents make huge sacrifice, know lot peers studying universities families do," Ms Shi said. "Some them sell properties back China order afford kids studying Australia." But Ms Shi students were always supported arrived university Australia. "I think point Australian universities treat international students cash cows campus. They oftentimes offer little support received education life." Universities reject criticism overexposed Chinese student market. Universities Australia chair Deborah Terry regulators assessed vast majority Australian universities being low-risk financial position. "As not-for-profit public education institutions, universities prudently manage taxpayer funds — extensive expertise doing so," said. "Universities give constant careful attention future trends student recruitment, nurture diversity across regions, part business planning. "Australian universities maintain high admissions standards strong academic rigour — high academic standards safeguard quality attract international students." Read more: I study university foreign students: solution language gap When large numbers students started failing, alarm bells started ringing academics Federal Education Minister Dan Tehan universities' financial position strong. "The department monitors financial performance position each university nual basis," said. "The Government been working sector strengthen English language requirements international students tightening regulations, improving data capture increasing scrutiny visa applicants' English language proficiency." The regulator Australian universities, Tertiary Education Quality Standards Agency (TEQSA), monitors universities' level exposure Babones Chinese student market. TEQSA chief executive Anthony McClaran patterns reliance certain markets issues regulator monitored conducted nual risk assessments universities education providers, including private colleges. "I think occasionally patterns over-concentration either international students generally students country, circumstances always recommend diversification possible," Mr McClaran said. As December Australia hosting nearly 00,000 international higher education students. International students account roughly cent students Australian university campuses, approximately cent students now attending Australian university hail China. The total number international higher education students Australian institutions nearly doubled more tripled 002. Australia higher education providers generated $ billion revenue up from $19 billion in 2008. billion 008. Admission standards questioned Exposure single international student markets issue Associate Professor Babones identifies problem Australian universities. He alleges Australian universities "routinely compromise admissions standards accommodate international students", preparatory programs students lower English language skills functioning back-door entry students meet admissions standards. His report reveals sandstone institutions accept students partial command English language complete preparatory program private provider beforehand. A student walks toward quadrangle University Sydney. PHOTO:University Sydney topped list universities dependent fees Chinese nationals. (AAP: Paul Miller) "Admission standards been lowered way Australian universities make extra money farming students out, often farming them private providers order let them around English language requirements ordinarily place them study chosen degrees," Associate Professor Babones report said. "What universities doing now recruiting less less qualified international students mad effort keep international enrolments growing simply sustainable." Associate Professor Babones universities should required report detailed student numbers country, implement plans reduce reliance international students, particularly students single country. The University Sydney statement maintained high entry standards place income diversification strategy. "We've already seen increase students USA Canada working increase number students India South-East Asia," university spokesperson said. A spokesperson Australian National University always maintained "some highest English language academic standards comes admissions". "The Australian National University research-intensive university continues secure half revenue high-quality research activities outputs." chinese, students, australia, australian, universities, indian, income, money, professor, teaching, network, mainland, china </span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-48773323258141952402019-09-13T16:49:00.000+10:002019-12-13T20:54:37.733+10:00Canadian Songbird Loses Weight When Given Neomicotinoid Pesticide Imidacloprid<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">Pesticides have side effects on animals and humans. A particular <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/09/widely-used-pesticide-makes-birds-lose-weight/">neonicotinoid pesticide is making birds lose weight</a>. In Canadian research crowned sparrows were given low and high amounts of imidaclprid on seeds. Even birds on the low dose lost weight within six hours compared to a control group. The high amount killed some birds. It seems that appetite is suppressed.</span></div><br />
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</span> <span style="font-size: 16px;">The aves who received the low dose had transmitters attached and were released. <a href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2019-09-13/neonicotinoid-insecticide-songbirds-migration/11500132">Those on the low dose did not leave for three days</a> and those on the high dose left in four days. The control birds flew within half a day. It is believed that imidacloprid had to be worked out of the body.</span><br />
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</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">Only a <a href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/imidacloprid-sparrow-migration/">minuscule amount</a> of the pesticide stopped the birds from eating. Earlier research has shown that imidacloprid kills bees. It means the whole bird and insect family is susceptible to the pesticide. Something has to be done.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">Both groups of birds ate agricultural seed from crops and fattened up before migrating in Spring. Those given the pesticide had no long term effects. They gained weight thus recovering, reaching the nesting ground at the same time as control birds.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">There is an open question here. <a href="https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/auk/v057n02/p0179-p0218.pdf">Birds that arrive late at breeding grounds do not get good nesting "facilities"</a>. They hatch young later and have fewer chicks. Could this be why 74 per cent of birds in agricultural regions have declines since 1966?</span><br />
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</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: #3d8021; font-size: 12px; letter-spacing: 0.075em; text-transform: uppercase;">CITATIONS</span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div class="p1" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: inherit; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 12px;"><span style="background-color: #3d8021; color: yellow;">M. L. Eng et al. <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-15446-x">Imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos insecticides impair migratory ability in a seed-eating songbird</a> <i>Scientific Reports</i> </span><span style="background-color: #3d8021; color: yellow;"> Vol 7, Article number 15176. Published November 11 2017 </span></span><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #3d8021; font-family: "parchment"; font-size: 0;">Common neonicotinoid insecticide causes rapid weight loss, migration interruption songbird Share Share Facebook Share Twitter Print Mail share option sparrow perched hand fine transmitter wire coming back. sparrows fitted fine transmitters migrations tracked. (Supplied: Margaret Eng) pesticide commonly used Australia been experimentally shown cause rapid weight loss migrating songbird, disrupt ability migrate. Key points: Birds high doses ate cent less food shed lots weight first six hours Birds given pesticide delayed migration three four days banning neonicotinoids backfire farmers higher amounts types insecticides cause problems White-crowned sparrows Canada given small, sublethal dose imidacloprid — neonicotinoid insecticide control birds given none. dose meant equivalent much birds ingest eating few small, insecticide-coated seeds. Seed coating common practice crop seeds doused insecticide, absorbed plant grows present pollen. birds given low dose, given higher dose, given none. birds treated both high low doses shed significant weight six hours, compared control birds didn't, according research published today journal Science. "birds exposed big enough dose, [it's] lethal. small handful seeds enough kill songbird," Christy Morrissey University Saskatchewan, led study. "seeing incidental dose substantial effect. researchers found insecticide "anorexic" effect, birds higher dose consuming cent less food controls six hours following dosing. migrating birds fitted lightweight transmitters released Ontario, Canada, movements tracked network research towers. Antenna solar panel green pasture. network receiver towers allowed researchers track birds' migration. (Supplied: Margaret Eng) On average untreated birds continued migration half day, birds been given imidacloprid delayed departure three days low dose four days high. hypothesis treated birds spent extra days working insecticide system, regenerating fat stores continue migration. amount gave cause delay miniscule," Professor Morrissey "Essentially equivalent giving bird -tenth corn seed treated neonicotinoids." While been evidence linking neonicotinoids bee mortality colony collapse, Professor Morrissey her research showed impacts pesticides much more widespread. "It bee problem, water problem, pretty compelling case birds [insecticides] having pretty serious effect." Banning neonicotinoids backfire Compounding issue many birds migrate spring, coincides seeding many crops, according Professor Morrissey. species North America agriculture habitat feed rest, migratory species pretty critical need fat fuel source migratory journeys." After regaining weight, birds given insecticide continued migration difference detected direction speed migration compared control birds. delaying migration ripple effects beyond immediate impacts bird. exposing increased predation recover insecticide, birds arrive late nesting grounds been shown secure poorer territory, breed later, produce fewer offspring. North America, cent farmland-dependent bird species been decline 66, authors state. dead galah. Imidacloprid been linked deaths Australian birds. (Supplied: Cath De Vaus) While research important, surprising according agricultural biotechnology expert Caroline Hauxwell Queensland University Technology (QUT), wasn't involved study. "feed nasty chemicals birds insects, going good. rocket science," Dr Hauxwell"It shows careful seed coatings their impacts. Migratory birds vulnerable." Imidacloprid linked deaths number native birds near Horsham Victoria 7. Dr Hauxwell warned need careful respond, simply banning neonicotinoid insecticides backfire. Doing been shown force farmers depend non-neonicotinoid pesticides instead. These been found impact creatures bees birds often used higher volume. "making bad situation complicated," Dr Hauxwell said. "neonics, fungicides," she adding effect seen birds exposed neonicotinoid pesticides been found chlorpyrifos, organophosphate pesticide. She farmers' best interests birds eating seeds, solutions need more holistic rather knee-jerk. Integrated management help cut pesticides Pinkish looking seeds scattered dark soil. Coating seeds pesticides common practice Australia around world. (Supplied: Margaret Eng) In Australia, seed coating often used default, regardless specific pest threat present, according Dr Hauxwell. Instead, she said, significantly reduce amount neonicotinoids used adopting integrated pest management approach. Integrated pest management involves using range tactics, including tweaking planting times avoid pests, creating physical pest barriers, breeding limiting chemical intervention. ABC Science YouTube more science plus health, environment, tech more? Subscribe channel golden rule integrated pest management respond pest threat identified." Dr Hauxwell genetic engineering pest-resistant strains, transgenics, reduce need pesticides. "Most transgenics been shown benign non-target species," she said. Earlier year US banned neonicotinoid-based products, EU banned three active neonicotinoid substances including imidacloprid. been signs similar ban being implemented here, despite calls bee keepers follow EU footsteps.</span></div></div></div></div></div>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-70778871210947331522019-09-08T01:08:00.002+10:002019-12-13T21:28:24.848+10:00Fossil Indicates Denisovans Had Fingers Similar To Human <div style="text-align: justify;">
Denisovans were <a href="https://edition.cnn.com/2019/09/05/world/denisovans-humans-fingers-scn/index.html">similar to humans</a>. A finger bone has been found that is human-like. Neanderthals had quite different fingers than Homo sapiens. Only five fossils remain of Denisovans a little finger, a mandible and three molars. Despite artistic depictions of the hominid it is not know what they looked like.</div>
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Denisovans<span style="text-align: start;"> were much further ahead in their development than Neanderthals. It seems that </span><a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24603-mystery-human-species-emerges-from-denisovan-genome/">Denisovans</a><span style="text-align: start;"><a href="https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24603-mystery-human-species-emerges-from-denisovan-genome/"> and humans followed a similar evolutionary path</a>, while Neanderthals became large animal hunters and developed muscular bodies. Neanderthal could have taken on dangerous animals and survive while humans would succumb.</span><br />
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<span style="text-align: start;">Though </span><a href="https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/09/denisovan-fossil-finger-points-to-the-timing-of-neanderthal-evolution/">Denisovans<span style="text-align: start;"> branched off from Neanderthals</span></a>, just why they became more like humans is not known. Maybe common habitats make for creatures of the same ilk. There is evidence that the three types of apes interbred. This is a mystery in itself because the missing Y Chromosome would make fertile progeny impossible. What many scientists do not take into account is that Neanderthals and humans had a common ancestor, so some genes would be the same.</div>
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<span style="background-color: #69cf3d;"> CITATIONS</span></h3>
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<span class="s1" style="background-color: #69cf3d; border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">E.A. Bennett et al. <a href="https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/9/eaaw3950" style="border-bottom-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px; box-sizing: border-box; color: #176cab; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out 0s; vertical-align: baseline;"><span class="s2" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Morphology of the Denisovan phalanx closer to modern humans than to Neanderthals</span></a>. <i style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Science Advances</i>. Published September 4, 2019. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw3950.</span></div>
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Finger Denisovans human fingers fossil shows. anthropology Replica proximal, middle, segment Denisovan finger bone. (Image: Thilo Parg/Wikimedia) Very little known Denisovans — mysterious group hominins lived alongside early humans Neanderthals last Ice Age. New research revealed Denisovan finger bone that’s unexpectedly human-like shape — odd observation, given close relation Denisovans Neanderthals, se fingers differed quite bit ours. To date, five skeletal fossils known Denisovans: three molars, mandible, tip pinky finger. That’s not much go by, 50,000-year-old finger bone — discovered 1 years ago Siberia’s Denisova Cave — yielded critically important genetic information. Still, five fossils, even combined genetic data, have done little tell us Denisovans actually looked like. A new study published today Science Advances first provide comprehensive physical analysis Denisovan pinky bone fragment. The research, led E. Andrew Bennett Paris Diderot University, revealed finger that’s closer shape anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens) Neanderthals — surprise, given closely related Denisovans Neanderthals. Fascinatingly, finding doesn’t mean modern humans looked Denisovans. Rather, suggests Neanderthals, their unusually broad fingers, had ventured unique evolutionary path, developing their own distinctive set physical characteristics. This story begins around 800,000 years ago, modern humans Neanderthals diverged unknown common ancestor. Some 400,000 years later, split occurred European Neanderthals, producing Denisovans. After split, Denisovans lived Asia hundreds thousands years. Genetic evidence suggests modern humans interbred Denisovans (and Neanderthals), Neanderthals interbred Denisovans. Even today, humans east Asia Melanesia still have traces Denisovan genes their DNA. That Denisovans even existed became clear 2010, following genetic analysis pinky finger phalanx.new study provides deeper analysis fossil—the skeletal remnant we have Denisovans not head jaw. Sadly, lone pinky finger bone not own complications. After discovery, bone split half sent two different labs analysis. Regrettably, photographs finger bone, were taken Russian scientific team prior cutting, were lost. Hard believe, scientists don’t have photographic evidence bone prior being split two. That’s awful enough, story gets even worse. After cutting, bottom half finger (the smaller proximal part) sent Max Planck Institute Evolutionary Anthropology Germany genetic analysis. In 2009, top half finger (the tip distal part) sent University Berkeley, year later sent Institut Jacques Monod France, measured, photographed genetically analysed.fragment sent back Berkeley 2011, went missing. “We not know currently,” Bence Viola, co-author new study assistant professor Department Anthropology University Toronto, told Gizmodo. Yes, read correctly: One important fossils discovered recent memory missing. Thankfully, genetic information taken both pieces still exists, photographs missing tip, allowing virtual reconstruction. Front back views virtually reconstructed Denisovan finger fragment. (Image: E. A. Bennett et al., 2019/Science Advances) “We used ancient DNA analysis look [the] mitochondrial genome [of distal portion],” explained Viola email Gizmodo. This done confirm genetic match two pieces perform more genetic tests. “We reconstructed finger photographs distal (tip) part micro computed tomography scans proximal (joint) part. We then used measurements taken original parts reconstruction compare finger bones,” Neanderthals humans, both Pleistocene-era modern, across various stages physical development. The analysis showed pinky finger belonged adolescent Denisovan female around 13. years old she died. And new study shows, her finger strikingly similar modern humans. “I quite surprised,” Viola said. “I always expected end finger look rather Neanderthal-like. Neanderthals had relatively ‘chubby’ fingers compared [ours], bone fingernails — so-called apical tuft — relatively broad round, [modern humans] part more elongated, narrow oval.” Pinky finger bones belonging Neanderthal (left), modern human (centre), Denisovan (right). (Image: E. A. Bennett et al., 2019/Science Advances) Bennett surprised observation. “Given molars Denisovans characterised more archaic features, not expected find Denisovan bone looks modern human ,” Bennett told Gizmodo. “Combined we know teeth, shows skeletons Denisovans had both archaic more ‘modern’ features. However, important note here, given relationships three populations, appears Neandertal fingertips actually derived morphologies.” By derived, Bennett saying modern humans Denisovans obtained retained their fingers shared common ancestor. Neanderthals, hand, obtained their fingers same common ancestor, did not retain shape time; they went evolve their own distinctive fingers, consequence unique environmental lifestyle pressures. Interestingly, new research means we have better sense distinctive Neanderthal fingers appeared — namely, split Neanderthals Denisovans. “In many aspects Neanderthals weird.” Importantly, finding doesn’t mean Denisovans more related us Neanderthals. “It rather highlights fact not everything we observe extant [living] humans ‘modern’ ‘evolved,’” Jean-Jacques Hublin, director Department Human Evolution Max Planck Institute Evolutionary Anthropology, told Gizmodo. “Independently, Neanderthals evolved their own peculiar pattern widened puffy end-phalanx. In many aspects Neanderthals weird,” said Hublin, wasn’t involved new research. Sadly, new work still doesn’t really tell us Denisovans looked like. Viola said would “dangerous speculation” reconstruct entire Denisovan body few teeth, lone jaw bone pinky finger. That said, “we see [Denisovan] teeth, much larger robust we see modern humans, Neanderthals,” he said. Another major implication study means archaeologists trying discern fossilised remains Neanderthals, Denisovans, early modern humans. As Bennett explained, fossil appears modern human, example, doesn’t mean that’s actually case. “It’s clear now [archaeologists] can’t watch archaic-looking bones, bones [that appear] more modern,” Bennett told Gizmodo. “Eventually, bones may discovered Denisovan-specific features, it’s likely many bones, phalanx, we need genetics methods identify them.” Katerina Douka, anthropologist Max Planck Institute Science Human History, described new paper “an important study” securely identifies two bone fragments belonging same individual. Douka, wasn’t affiliated new research, thought notable authors were able specify age female individual died, “assuming same developmental stages both modern humans Denisovans,” she said. But biggest surprise fact finger bone “appears gracile [thin slender] falls closer range variation modern human distal phalanxes opposed Neanderthals.” Douka said study presents interesting possibilities regards anatomical variations Denisovan body. “related fact individual female teenager, hence more gracile, there functional reasons difference something we cannot answer small sample size,” she said. Indeed, archaeologists working painfully little archaeological data. But each study brings us closer truth — even it’s bit pinky finger time. denisovans, finger, human-like, fossil, analysis, neanderthals, homo, sapiens, genes, dna, y, chromosome,<br />
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-42252597938882806362019-08-29T10:01:00.000+10:002019-12-13T21:33:38.542+10:00Poor Wage Management by Coalition Government Over Last Five Years<div style="text-align: justify;">
Since the Liberal-National Coalition has been in government it has followed the same policy as Germany and France. That is: keep wages low and restrict welfare. But of course, This reduces spending and puts a brake on the economy. Wealthy businesses benefit from lower wage costs. Two thirds of the population suffer while the top third get rich.<br />
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The economy of Australia has been stagnant for the last five years compared to other countries. For three consecutive quarters GDP per capita has fallen. Construction is in decline. As the wealthy have become richer they have hoarded their money. They have spent the same each year for the last seven years. Australians generally have become poorer while company have made great profits. Furthermore, the government has brought in laws that stops unionists going on strike. There are massive fines for the unions if they do.</div>
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Household disposable income has fallen by 0.8 per cent over the last twelve months. Australian disposable income has been lower than the average for the OECD since 2014. Labor did the right thing by spending during the GFC. We were doing well. There can only be one conclusion: The Coalition are poor managers of the economy. Higher wages are needed. The government cares more about company profits than ordinary people.</div>
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Record For Australia With Lowest Wage Rises For Workers B Prime Minister Scott Morrison maintained Abbott Government abysmal wage record. The latest official wage growth figures show Australian workers still missing share.. THE WAGES SLUMP Abbott Government plunged Australia back 201 now firmly entrenched. More five years first failed budget disgraced former Coalition Treasurer, Joe Hockey, workers’ wages increasing lowest rates records have been kept. It unlikely there been worse period Australia’s history workers receiving fair share nation’s vast wealth. This dismal news emerged quarterly wages figures released Australian Bureau Statistics (ABS) last Wednesday. The increase wages workforce le 2.41% year end June*. With inflation year 1.59%, real increase 0.82% workers across nation, both private government jobs. We know company reports high-income executive salaries soaring corporations generating record profits. So senior academic professional salaries. This means many low-paid workers, probably majority, have received either rise have seen their wages decline real terms. <br />
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A figure caption reading pleasure Historical lows The financial year 30 June ended fifth consecutive year wages have risen less 2.5%. This never happened 201 Election. Not once. Let alone five times row. The average wage increase 1 years we have ABS records 201 change government, 3.56%. The rise Coalition’s transition year, 2013-14, 2.6%. That lowest record time. It been every year since.average last five Coalition financial years 2.15%. Privategovernment The wages rise last financial year 2.66% government employees, 2.27% private sector. This confirms corporations now free pretty much whatever they want regard either workers’ wellbeing health economy. Sally McManus ✔ @sallymcmanus The IPA instruction Coalition abolish workers rights Fair Work Act according their latest list. That everything leave entitlements minimum wages. They believe employers should make decisions & should have work rights.<br />
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There significant difference public wage increases Labor Coalition states.five states territories Labor governments averaged wage growth 2.48%. These Victoria, impressive 3.7% lift, Queensland, Western Australia, Northern Territory ACT.three Coalition states, New South Wales, South Australia Tasmania, increased public sector wages average 1.77% — close zero inflation. Global comparisons Tradingeconomics.com data wage growth 30 developed countries, current March June year .average rise allowing inflation 2.27%. Australia’s puny 0.82% ranks dismal 21st 30 countries. Down bottom third. Ireland, Cyprus Poland 2%.USA, Spain Portugal 3.5%. Estonia Hungary 5%. All economies enjoying stronger annual GDP growth Australia have lower jobless rates. Australia unemployment rate now worst developed world heading wrong direction. Talk way #ScuMo #Liberals #auspol Unemployment figures likely force interest rate cent year utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Facebook#Echobox=15605098 … @smh Unemployment figures likely force interest rate cent year Australia unemployment rate now worst developed world heading wrong direction. Confirmation OECD The gloomy message Trading Economics bolstered authorities.Organisation Economic Cooperation Development (OECD) club 3 developed mixed capitalist economies. Every two three years, OECD issues detailed analysis advances – retreats – major developed countries making critical social issues. Titled Society Glance, includes graph showing rankings member countries household income. The 201 edition shows rankings 201 Australia seventh place [See chart below].<br />
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previous edition showed Australia’s ranking 201 fourth place, behind Norway, Switzerland Luxembourg. Clearly, Australia tumbling ladder, virtually rankings reflect sound economic management welfare citizens. We must wait another year two ranking 201 2019. Given last week’s ABS data, almost certainly well seventh. Why happening Australia? There excuse Australia lagging rest developed world badly. This not good working families. It not good economy. It not good Australia’s future. There rational economic argument keeping workers’ wages depressed current global expansion investment, growth, jobs profits. Australia’s export trade booming iron ore, gold wool five ten year high prices. Volumes many commodities now near all-time records.trade surplus now almost four times highest level reached previous government extraordinary $8.0 billion! This time workers should earning fair share nation’s vast wealth investing homes now superannuation future.nation should investing quality life citizens now – especially doing tough – infrastructure future. It seems rich foreign controllers Coalition parties have decided grasp much they they hell Australian people. Because eventually, surely, day, citizens must wake going call halt. Newstart, unions, neoliberalism, Coalition, unemployment, inequality, OECD, poverty, jobless, GDP inflation,, workers, wage rise, low wages, Morrison Government, Tony Abbott, Josh Frydenberg, Joe Hockey, trickle-down economics, </span></div>
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ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-89466929072776762692019-08-08T21:11:00.002+10:002019-12-14T16:33:26.933+10:00Egyptian Tomb Contains World's Oldest Cheese with Deadly Disease<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;">Say cheese for me. No, you are not having your photograph taken. The world's oldest solid cheese has been found. It is 3,200 years old and was discovered in Egypt. Unfortunately it is diseased and cannot be eaten.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: start;"><br />
</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh395O_tp3-0ITHvfkLSsKkOhYB9JUwasIrawD8-qoSQEGcXWSdn0a67p7JYQxld0BTz-QKnbok6xh7QkOLCAuys3sQzHucmeZ9hzmzwnyBRd3rZ-WWsbSdXkowsrH4IMPoC4vlQg/s320/oldest+cheese.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img alt="World's oldest cheese" border="0" data-original-height="295" data-original-width="420" height="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh395O_tp3-0ITHvfkLSsKkOhYB9JUwasIrawD8-qoSQEGcXWSdn0a67p7JYQxld0BTz-QKnbok6xh7QkOLCAuys3sQzHucmeZ9hzmzwnyBRd3rZ-WWsbSdXkowsrH4IMPoC4vlQg/s320/oldest+cheese.jpg" title="World's oldest cheese" width="420" /></a></div><span style="text-align: start;"><br />
</span><span style="text-align: start;">The "slab" was owned by the mayor of Memphis Ptahmes in the 13th-century BC. It has been lying around in his tomb all this time. Put in with the official at the time of his death, it was carefully wrapped in canvas.</span><br />
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<span style="text-align: start;">Though it was identified as cheese. Whether it was made from cow, goat or sheep milk is not known. If anyone had eaten it they would have become very ill because it contained the bacterium of the deadly disease brucellosis.</span></div><div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><div style="text-align: start;"><br />
</div><span style="text-align: start;">The presence of brucellosis have now been pushed back over 3,000 years. It has not been determined if it was a delicacy, maybe used as medicine or the tasty food was commonly consumed as ordinary meals.</span><br />
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<span style="text-align: left;">Dr Greco also identified the most ancient Italian olive oil and the earliest wine. Research continues in the Egyptian tomb of Ptahmes. The search for food of the past is called archaeofood. It is a growing field of archeology.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: yellow; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12px;">◆ ARCHAEOLOGY</span></span><span style="color: yellow; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="color: yellow; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;">◆</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://tysaustralia.com/" style="font-size: 12px;">Tys Outback</a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://funny--animal--photos.blogspot.com.au/"><span style="font-size: 12px;">Amusing Animal Pics</span></a><br />
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<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #3d8021; font-family: "parchment"; font-size: 0;">Lara Lauth. Aged cheeses might appeal 3,200-year-old sample popular dairy product found Egypt little — diseased — dedicated cheese connoisseurs. cheese found tomb 3th century BC mayor Memphis, Egypt tomb unearthed late 800s, lost shifting sands desert 2010 cheese contaminated deadly disease brucellosis cheese found tomb Ptahmes, 3th-century BC mayor Memphis, Egypt, according study journal Analytical Chemistry probably ancient solid cheese ever discovered. " sample wrapped canvas broken jar," lead author Enrico Greco, Italy's University Catania. " archaeologists suspected kind food left owner tomb decided ask chemical analyses." team used unconventional scientific techniques identify remains solid cheese made cow milk sheep goat milk. found signs bacterium causes potentially deadly disease brucellosis, spreads animals people unpasteurised dairy products. researchers' suspicions confirmed, 3,200-year-old sample provide world's oldest reported biomolecular evidence brucellosis. Brucellosis today, present Australia — last year concern disease spreading pigs humans dogs Queensland New South Wales. Cheese ancient medicine While sample Ptahmes's tomb diseased, ancient people actually used cheese medicine, Dr Greco said. several examples mural paintings barter scenes cheese represented certainly used Egyptian medicine Ptolemaic period," said. " really part daily life ancient Egyptians." Researchers quite ancient cheese tasted though. " information taste be, made mostly sheep's goat's milk, me really hard imagine specific flavour," Dr Greco said. "I'm Italian, love cheese change flavour appearance differences ingredients process." Dr Greco, part burgeoning field archaeofood, involved ancient food discoveries. "During last year found oldest wine world (now become second) oldest Italian olive oil." team continue examine materials found tomb Phtames, first unearthed 885 lost shifting sands desert again 2010. Egypt discoveries science-and-technology, archaeology, history, egypt, cooking, digging, stone, rock, scientific, recipe, curd,</span></div></div></div>ty_buchananhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02100664320264223319noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24962237.post-15907896902440678462019-03-16T21:43:00.000+10:002019-08-29T09:20:48.508+10:00Massacres of Aboriginals Mapped by New Technology<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: start;">Much of Australia's history since European settlement has been distorted by white historians. In a bid to justify the illegal taekeover of Australian tribal land with no treaty between Aboriginals and the conquerors a lot has been hidden.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWKHgp5zuleVSXYQnyesrD-zAPTiTbEBA16odwtSwlpkDtdeQQ_XKtY7DyuYZJ4XOEE4VLIDrf1btAIvzLGYg6W3EqQ_9AlcmlLTYmUfy9Opv3pdAgBqVc-PlQ-Uzmq9_GlWTUEA/s320/massacre+map.png" imageanchor="1"><img alt="Lake Wells potash project" border="0" data-original-height="295" data-original-width="420" height="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWKHgp5zuleVSXYQnyesrD-zAPTiTbEBA16odwtSwlpkDtdeQQ_XKtY7DyuYZJ4XOEE4VLIDrf1btAIvzLGYg6W3EqQ_9AlcmlLTYmUfy9Opv3pdAgBqVc-PlQ-Uzmq9_GlWTUEA/s320/massacre+map.png" title="Lake Wells potash project" width="420" /></a></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">If settlers moved to what they believed to be virgin land they just took it - with a quiet nod from government, of course. Any hostility from black people already there was quickly silenced at the point of a gun. Yes massacres did occur.</span></div>
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<span style="text-align: start;">New digital technology is now bringing the truth to light. Massacres have been mapped by a research team at Newcastle University. Professor Lyndal Ryan is taking the information to people in regional areas of Australia.</span><br />
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</span><span style="text-align: start;">The massacre map has come as a shock to purist historians who want to perpetuate the old lies put into print. Their old interpretations were clearly wrong and they do not know where to hide. New arrivals from Europe wanted Aboriginals to disappear entirely from this land. Fortunately, they did not succeed.</span><br />
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</span><span style="text-align: start;">While the established press of the time printed their rose colored garden, settlers accurately recorded what actually happened in minute detail in their journals. Since the launch of the first stage of the project people have come forward from all quarters and provided more family journals.</span></div>
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Project mapping massacres Australia’s colonisation shows power digitising history Supported by Balnaves FoundationAbout content Helen Davidson @heldavidson Email Fri 1 Mar 201 13. AEDT Last modified Fri 1 Mar 201 13.2 AEDT Shares 185 Killing Times illustration Since publication Killing Times, Guardian Australia received information helped identify least 50 new potential sites. Digital technology bringing Australia’s history people way wasn’t possible decade ago, leading researcher massacres Indigenous people said. Prof Lyndal Ryan, Newcastle University’s centre history violence, said “overwhelming” response.<br />
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her team’s mapping massacres project’s subsequent expansion Guardian Australia had demonstrated power digitising history taking wide audience, particular people regional areas. The historian leads research team identifying locating hundreds individual massacres perpetrated colonisation Australia. Last week, Guardian Australia launched Killing Times, interactive project , collaboration Ryan’s team eight months, drew research, expanding analysing it. “We both have same aim – generate discussion Australia’s past, [to make] past visible,” Ryan told digital history seminar Sydney’s university technology. <br />
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'A tragic history': trauma 192 massacre echoes years “Australia’s history been invisible long time massacre map way bringing – international audience well local audience – frontier massacres took place … their impact Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander people.” The Guardian’s Indigenous affairs editor, Lorena Allam, appeared panel Ryan, said data “solid conservative”. “This settlers wrote their journals,” she said. “It’s hard wriggle reality that.” The Newcastle team launched second stage map July last year, prompting hundreds people contact them more information. Since publication Killing Times, Guardian Australia been contacted more 40 people information been shared across two teams, identifying least 50 new potential sites. <br />
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Many made contact were regional areas. “Public history been using digital tools many years now I think we’re going different level – we’re providing new evidence Australia’s past,” said Ryan. “For me project been much revitalising role regional Australia lot massacres took place giving voice people regional Australia want stories massacres told.” She hoped public response project would generate more resources increased focus digitising historical archives sources. The research drew primary sources original accounts massacres, including “astonishing” amount information colonial news reports accessible Trove. “The more we understand Australia’s past, more we’ll understand need digitise sources,” Ryan said. “We not have done we’re doing modern technology.” <br />
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Only massacres verified were mapped, minimum number fatalities estimated each were used, cautious approach Ryan said “came history wars”. She believed there had been “a really big shift” engagement wider Australia. “People listening now, they want know happened, way they weren’t listening, I want say even years ago. When we were school, we didn't learn massacres “There’s doubt digital technology leading tool whereby we engage debates that.” The Newcastle project ran funding map West Australian massacres. Guardian Australia used Ryan’s methodology conduct research state, finding 1 verified incidents least 20 more likely s. Ryan Allam said there still lot research done across country. “Where see gaps, that’s not nothing happened there,” Allam said. “We wanted people see country settled. And see that, knowledge?” <br />
|| massacres, aboriginals, mapped, new technology, white, europeans, settlers, colonists, historiography,<br />
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